Marcus Garvey: A Pioneer in the Empowerment of the Oppressed
Keywords:
African Americans, community organization, self-empowerment, community empowermentAbstract
“Empowerment” has recently become a buzzword in the social sciences and has come to be connected with the notion of helping the disenfranchised find the resources to improve their circumstances. However, contemporary discussions of empowerment understate the early empowerment pioneer Marcus Garvey and his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). At a time when African Americans were defined as second-class citizens, the UNIA succeeded in fostering positive self-esteem and self-determination among over 2,000,000 individuals through the world. This reflection essay documents these achievements both during the height of the UNIA movements as well as in the decades that followed.
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REFLECTIONS:
NARRATIVES OF PROFESSIONAL HELPING
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